SP-36: Speaker: L. Stephen Buchanan, D.D.S. This presentation will review CT-guided implant technology, the presenter's clinical cases using this method for conventional and surgical endodontic treatment, and how clinicians can set up and use this paradigm shift in procedural treatment planning for root canal therapy as well as for implant placement for those endodontists who want to add implant surgery to their practices. SP-37: Speaker: T. Cem Sayin, D.D.S., Ph.D. Clinicians are confronted with difficult decisions regarding whether a tooth with pulpal and/or periapical disease should be saved through endodontic treatment or be extracted and replaced with an implant. This lecture will review the endodontic and implant literature as well as the related factors that need to be considered by the clinician affecting decision making for their patients.

CEX-4: Speaker: James L. Gutmann, D.D.S. A brief look at our historical roots will verify that these anatomical variations have been well known for over 100 years. This presentation will explore all aspects of this contemporary, perceived discovery. CEX-5: Speaker: Eric J. Herbranson, D.D.S., M.S. This course will review the rationale for dentin preservation in conventional endodontic therapy. It will argue that conserving dentin results in stronger teeth, improved fracture resistance and more tooth retention.

Speakers: George A. Bruder, D.M.D. & Martin Trope, D.M.D. Endodontic success suggests a healthy peri-radicular periodontium while maintaining the tooth in function for the life of the patient. This session will examine how new techologies if used correctly can provide a root canal space that has minimal microbial load while still maintaining enough strength of the tooth to withstand functional stresses.

Authors: Gianluca Plotino, D.D.S., Ph.D., Nicola Maria Grande, D.D.S., Ph.D., Almira Isufi, D.D.S., Ph.D., M.Sc., Pietro Ioppolo, Dp.H.S..; Eugenio Pedulla, D.D.S., Ph.D.; Rossella Bedini, D.Sc., Ph.D.; Gianluca Gambarini, M.D., D.D.S.; Luca Testarelli, D.D.S., Ph.D. The purpose of this study was to compare in vitro the fracture strength of root-filled and restored teeth with traditional endodontic cavity (TEC), conservative endodontic cavity (CEC), or ultraconservative ‘‘ninja’’ endodontic cavity (NEC) access.