Trauma

Trauma

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  • Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 0.75

    Description: The management of dental trauma remains a complex clinical challenge with significant implications for both patients and providers. Traumatic dental injuries can range from uncomplicated crown or root fractures to more severe damage involving the supporting periodontal structures, such as luxation, intrusion, and avulsion injuries. This presentation will review the most recent guidelines published by the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT), focusing on the prevention, diagnosis, and evidence-based management of traumatic dental injuries. A series of clinical cases-featuring multiple examples with long-term follow-ups-will be presented to illustrate practical application of these guidelines and to highlight the outcomes of various treatment approaches.

    Learning Objectives:  

    • Apply the IADT guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of traumatic dental injuries, and recognize when and how to modify treatment protocols based on individual case factors.
    • Identify common endodontic complications associated with dental trauma and implement evidence-based strategies for their long-term management.
    • Recognize the value of interdisciplinary collaboration in optimizing outcomes for patients with complex traumatic dental injuries, especially in cases involving long-term follow-up and comprehensive care.
    Hossein Moosavi, D.D.S.

    Hossein Moosavi, D.D.S.

    Dr. Hossein Moosavi is a board-certified endodontist with over a decade of experience in general dentistry, having practiced in multiple states including New Jersey and Colorado and New York. He earned his Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) from the Colorado School of Dental Medicine. To deepen his expertise in implant dentistry and enhance treatment planning, he completed a year-long preceptorship and research program at the UCLA Dental School Implant Center. Driven by a strong interest in preserving the natural dentition, Dr. Moosavi pursued specialty training in endodontics at Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, where he earned a Master's in Dental Science and a Certificate in Endodontics. While at Rutgers, he also completed a comprehensive implant training program through the American Academy of Implant Dentistry, focusing on the management of compromised and cracked teeth. Dr. Moosavi's research has been recognized nationally. He received the AAE/Dentsply Residents Award for his study on the time interval between endodontic treatment and final restoration, which he presented at the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) annual meeting in New Orleans. In addition to private practice, Dr. Moosavi serves as a part-time faculty member at Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, where he mentors and educates future dentists and endodontists in addtion He has served on the AAE membership services committee. As a Diplomate of the American Board of Endodontics, he is committed to delivering the highest standard of care. He is also passionate about promoting the field of endodontics and making the profession more visible and recognized within the broader dental and healthcare communities.

    Disclosure(s): No financial relationships to disclose

  • Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 0.75

    Description: Dr. Usman has cultivated a practice of 50% pediatric patients most of which are trauma referrals from emergency rooms, pediatric dental practices and self-referrals.  Using evidence-based treatment protocols and innovating with new materials, Dr. Usman will move through the management of challenging traumatic injuries and show how long term follow up and assuming the role as a "dental trauma gatekeeper" produces predictable excellent outcomes for her patients. Dr. Usman will show her treatment planning philosophy rooted in understanding the interaction of patient factors such as sex and age of the child, initial diagnosis and desired outcome. Topics such as ridge preservation, auto transplantation, orthodontic extrusion and vital pulp therapy will be discussed and how building an interdisciplinary team from the start is critical to maximizing the prognosis.

    Learning Objectives:  

    • Describe how specific patient factors influence a trauma treatment plan.
    • Discuss the benefits of vital pulp therapy and regenerative treatments to preserve tooth structure.
    • Direct innovative interdisciplinary treatment plans such as autotransplantation, orthodontic extrusion and ridge preservation.
    Najia Usman, D.D.S.

    Najia Usman, D.D.S.

    Najia Usman, DDS Dr. Najia Usman graduated from SUNY Buffalo in 1995 with her DDS. After completing a one-year general practice residency at the Cleveland Clinic she furthered her interest in endodontics by completing a two-year endodontic residency at Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon in 2002. She was awarded her Diplomate Status by the American Board of Endodontics in 2009. Dr. Usman has been in private practice since 2002. Though she practices full-scope endodontics, she has cultivated an interest in the endodontic management in trauma, pediatrics and resorptive lesions. She has organized and lectured in dental trauma symposiums. She has lectured and clinically taught dental students, endodontic and pediatric residents. She has lectured nationally and locally to study clubs on topics such as Endo-Perio, Atypical Facial Pain, Regenerative Endodontics and Pulpal injuries after Oro-Facial Trauma. Her study The Influence of Instrument Size on Debridement was published in the Journal of Endodontics (Feb 2004, vol 30, 110-112) has been cited over 260 times. She is an associate clinical professor at the CASE School of Dental Medicine and hold a resident teaching appointment at the Cleveland Clinic. She has held several leadership positions in organized dentistry at the state and national level for the American Dental Association and the American Association of Endodontics. She is the proud mother of 4 children ages 20-30 and has been married to and shares a private multi-specialty practice with Dr. Faisal Quereshy OMFS for 30 years. They reside in Cleveland, Ohio.

    Disclosure(s): No financial relationships to disclose

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: As endodontists, treating children is a common occurrence in our careers. While navigating canals may be straightforward, the unique challenges of pediatric patients require specialized knowledge and skills. This presentation will provide an in-depth examination of the most prevalent medical and mental comorbidities encountered in young patients undergoing root canal treatment. By exploring these complexities, we aim to equip endodontists with the essential tools and strategies needed to deliver safe, comfortable, and effective care for children in our dental offices.

    Learning Objectives:  

    • Identify common medical comorbidities in pediatric patients that may impact endodontic treatment outcomes.
    • Develop strategies for safely and comfortably treating pediatric patients with complex medical and mental health needs in a dental office setting.
    • Apply knowledge of pediatric comorbidities to inform treatment planning and decision-making in endodontic care.
    Darya Dabiri, DMD, MDSc

    Darya Dabiri, DMD, MDSc

    "Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-- I took the one less traveled by, and that has made all the difference." Being in the field of dentistry, it's not often that you get to quote American poets, like Robert Frost. In reflecting on Dr. Darya Dabiri's educational and professional journey, she sets an example of an individual who takes paths that were "less traveled by," which has made her unique path to where she is today all the more enriching and rewarding. Dr. Dabiri is a Canadian dentist, she obtained her dental degree from the University of British Columbia in 2008. She moved to Ann Arbor after graduation to complete a General Practice Residency at the University of Michigan Health System (2009). Michigan has become her new home as she started her own family in Ann Arbor. While raising her two young children, she then pursued dual training in pediatric dentistry (2012) and endodontics (2017) at the University of Toledo Medical Center and University of Michigan respectively. Dr. Dabiri is a true patient advocate. As a dual trained pediatric endodontist, she has a magical way of using her excellent behavior management skills not only to children but also to anxious adults who all needed extra support and care to be able to tolerate their endodontic treatment. When she is not working, she enjoys every second of being with her family. She loves to dance and loves to travel.

    Disclosure(s): No financial relationships to disclose

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: Root resorption is a common sequelae after traumatic injuries to the periodontal ligament and/or dental pulp. The course of root resorption involves an elaborate interaction among inflammatory cells and mediators, resorbing 'clastic' cells, and hard tissue structures. Types of tooth resorption include internal and external resorption. Internal resorption has been categorized into internal replacement and internal inflammatory resorption. External resorption has been classified into four categories by its clinical and histologic manifestations: external surface, external inflammatory, replacement and ankylosis. This presentation will address the etiology, diagnosis and clinical management of root resorption.

    Learning Objectives:  

    • Describe the etiology and pathogenesis of the different types of root resorption.
    • Develop a comprehensive treatment approach for teeth with root resorption.
    • Identify the challenges involved when a tooth becomes ankylosed in the growing child.
    Frederic Barnett D.M.D.

    Frederic Barnett D.M.D.

    Dr. Barnett received his DMD degree in 1978 and Certificate in Endodontics in 1981, both from the University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine. He received his Board Certification in Endodontics in 1988, was the Director of Postdoctoral Endodontics at the University of Pennsylvania, and is currently the Chairman and Program Director of the IB Bender Endodontic Program at Albert Einstein Medical Center in Philadelphia. Dr. Barnett has written numerous scientific and clinical papers and has lectured nationally and internationally on the Treatment of Endodontic Infections, Revascularization, Dental Trauma, Root Resorption, Lasers and Contemporary Endodontic Treatment. Dr. Barnett is a Fellow of the International Association of Dental Traumatology, International College of Dentists and American College of Dentists. He currently serves on the Advisory Board of the Dental Traumatology Journal and is a Director of the International Association of Dental Traumatology. Dr. Barnett had been in private practice in Endodontics from 1981-2011. Dr. Barnett received the Edward M. Osetek Educator Award in 2017 and will receive the I.B. Bender Lifetime Educator Award at this meeting.

    Disclosure(s): Brasseler USA: Honorarium (Ongoing)

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.5

    Description: It is essential for all endodontists to possess basic knowledge of emergency treatment for dental trauma, as well as the ability to recognize and manage late complications that often arise after traumatic dental injuries. This session will review the latest AAE Trauma Guidelines, highlighting the updates and what remains unchanged. Additionally, it will provide an update on treatment options that endodontists should be able to perform for the most common late complications, with a focus on preserving the alveolus and alveolar bone in young patients with severely compromised teeth after dental trauma. This discussion will include treatment options such as root resorptions, root submergence, decoronation, and autotransplantation.

    Learning Objectives:  

    • Discuss the latest AAE's Dental Trauma Guidelines.
    • Diagnose the most common late complications following dental trauma.
    • Describe treatment options for severely compromised teeth caused by dental trauma.
    Asgeir Sigurdsson, D.D.S., M.S.

    Asgeir Sigurdsson, D.D.S., M.S.

    Asgeir received his DDS from University of Iceland and after two years in private dental practice moved to University of North Carolina (UNC) and graduated in 1992 with certificate in endodontics and MS with emphasis on pain and pain modulation.

    Full time faculty at UNC 1992-2004, was the Graduate Program Director of Endodontics 1997 to 2004. From 2004 to 2012 in a private endodontic practice in Reykjavik, Iceland and London, UK and Honorary Clinical Teacher in Endodontology, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, UK. 

    In 2012 he became the Chairman and tenured Professor at NYU Dentistry, Department of Endodontics. Additionally, he is an adjunct Professor at UNC. 

    Asgeir is past President of the International Association for Dental Traumatology and 2014 he was appointed as a Director of the American Board of Endodontics and served as the President of the Board 2019-20.  He is currently on the editorial board of Dental Traumatology.

    He has been invited numerous times to lecture in 49 countries all over the World, on the topics of pain, endodontics, dental trauma and/or forensic sciences. He has written or co-written over 90 per-reviewed articles and 23 textbook chapters on same topics.

    Disclosure(s): No financial relationships to disclose

  • Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: The incidence of dental trauma is highest in the first two decades of life, and hence, the young permanent anterior teeth are of particular importance in traumatic injuries. Successful retention of these teeth is paramount to the long-term esthetic, functional, and health of not just the oral cavity but also the physiological and psychological impact the loss may have on these young patients. This presentation reviews the latest guidelines by IADT, treatment options, and prognosis for Crown fractures, Root fractures, and sequelae of luxation injuries based on the biological goals, and current evidence.

    Learning Objectives: 

    • Review the biological sequelae of select dental traumatic injuries
    • Evaluate treatment aims based on current guidelines to maximize positive outcomes
    • Identify possible varied treatment trends in dental trauma
    Meetu R. Kohli, B.D.S, D.M.D.

    Meetu R. Kohli, B.D.S, D.M.D.

    Dr. Meetu Ralli Kohli is Clinical Associate Professor and the Program Director for Postgraduate Endodontic Education at the University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Endodontic Department. She also serves as director for Continuing Education and International Visiting Scholar Program and the Master’s in Advanced Dentistry Studies Program (MADS).  She is a member of the Dean’s advisory council. Dr. Kohli earned her B.D.S. from Government Dental College, Bangalore, India. She pursued her D.M.D. degree and specialty training in Endodontics at the University of Pennsylvania, USA. During her training, she received the esteemed Louis I. Grossman Award, the Samuel R. Rossman Scholarship, and the Sherrill Ann Siegel Award & Scholarship. She is on the Scientific Advisory Board as a reviewer for the Journal of Endodontics, the International Endodontic Journal, the Journal of the American Dental Association, and other endodontic journals. Dr. Kohli has published in national and international peer-reviewed journals and has contributed to books on microsurgical retreatment. Her publications have been recognized as the best clinical research paper and as honorary mentions by JOE multiple times. She has served on the AAE’s Constitution and Bylaws Committee and the Research and Scientific Affairs Committee. She also serves as President and Director on the Board of Trustees of the American Board of Endodontics and is a diplomate. Dr. Kohli maintains multiple private practice locations in Pennsylvania, USA, limited to Endodontics.

    i declare that I have NO past or present proprietary or relevant, financial relationship or receive gifts in kind (including soft intangible remuneration), consulting position or affiliation, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith.

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: Cemental tear (CT) is a rare condition with poorly understood prevalence, etiology, and clinical presentation, often mimicking vertical root fractures or endodonticperiodontal lesions. This review aimed to synthesize current evidence on CT and propose a diagnostic framework.

    At the conclusion of this article, the reader will be able to: 

    • Analyze the multifactorial etiology and predisposing factors of cemental tears to identify patients at higher clinical risk.
    • Differentiate the unique radiographic patterns of cemental tears from other root-related pathologies using advanced imaging modalities.
    • Evaluate clinical signs and symptoms to minimize misdiagnosis and avoid unnecessary interventions.
    José Evando da Silva-Filho, DDS (MSD candidate)

    José Evando da Silva-Filho, DDS (MSD candidate)

    José Evando da Silva-Filho is a dentist (DDS) specializing in Endodontics at the University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Brazil. He is pursuing a Master of Science in Dentistry with a focus on Endodontics and Dental Imaging at UNIFOR.

    Aryanna Celly Rodrigues-Lima, DDS

    Aryanna Celly Rodrigues-Lima, DDS

    Aryanna Celly Rodrigues-Lima is a dentist (DDS) specializing in Orofacial Harmonization at the University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Brazil.

    Kayo Lúcio Silveira-Fernandes

    Kayo Lúcio Silveira-Fernandes

    Kayo Lúcio Silveira-Fernandes is a final-year undergraduate dentistry student at the University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Brazil.

    Camille de Sousa Veloso, DDS

    Camille de Sousa Veloso, DDS

    Camille de Sousa Veloso is a dentist (DDS) specializing in Restorative Dentistry at the Brazilian Association of Dentistry – Ceará (ABO-CE), Brazil.

    João Paulo Viana Braga, DDS, MSD

    João Paulo Viana Braga, DDS, MSD

    João Paulo Viana Braga is a dentist (DDS) with specialties in Dental Radiology and Imaging (ABO-CE), Implantology (Camilo Castelo Branco University – UNICASTELO), and Orthodontics (Ceará Association of Dentistry – ACO-CEC). He completed postgraduate training in Stomatology and Minor Oral Surgery, Periodontology (UNICASTELO), and Prosthodontics (ELEVA Dentistry). He holds a Master of Science in Dentistry with a focus on Pediatric Dentistry from the Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Brazil, and is pursuing an MBA in Business Management at the University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Brazil.

    Sandra Régia Albuquerque Ximenes, DDS, MSD

    Sandra Régia Albuquerque Ximenes, DDS, MSD

    Sandra Régia Albuquerque Ximenes is a dentist (DDS) with specialties in Restorative Dentistry and Dental Radiology and Imaging at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. She holds a Master of Science in Dentistry with a focus on Restorative Dentistry from São Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil.

    Elilton Cavalcante Pinheiro-Júnior, DDS, MSD, PhD

    Elilton Cavalcante Pinheiro-Júnior, DDS, MSD, PhD

    Elilton Cavalcante Pinheiro-Júnior is a dentist (DDS) with a specialty in Endodontics at the São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil. He holds a Master of Science in Dentistry with a focus on Endodontics from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil, and a PhD in Endodontics from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.

    Danielle Frota de Albuquerque, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Danielle Frota de Albuquerque, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Danielle Frota de Albuquerque is a dentist (DDS) who holds a Master of Science in Dentistry with a focus on Oral Biology/Stomatology from the University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil, and a PhD in Dental Radiology and Imaging from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.

    Eduardo Diogo Gurgel-Filho, DDS, MSD, PhD

    Eduardo Diogo Gurgel-Filho, DDS, MSD, PhD

    Eduardo Diogo Gurgel-Filho is a dentist (DDS) with a specialty in Endodontics at the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil. He holds a Master of Science in Dentistry with a focus on Endodontics from UERJ and a PhD in Endodontics from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: To identify patient-specific phenotypic, anatomical, psychological, and clinical risk factors associated with the development of post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy (PTTN) following endodontic procedures.

    At the conclusion of this article, the reader will be able to: 

    • Explain the etiology of post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy
    • Identify risk-factors associated with post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy
    • Apply information to clinical decision making
    Larissa Gregorio Candido do Prado, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Larissa Gregorio Candido do Prado, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Julia Godoi-Lopes, DDS, PhD

    Julia Godoi-Lopes, DDS, PhD

    Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhe, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhe, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Laís Valencise Magri, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Laís Valencise Magri, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves, DDS, MSc, PhD

    Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves, DDS, MSc, PhD

  • Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: Management of immature necrotic permanent teeth is complicated for many reasons. The treatment options vary depending on the etiology of pulpal and periradicular disease. In addition, the behavior of the patient may hinder the endodontist’s ability to provide ideal treatment. Finally, reimbursement rates and lack of coverage for certain services may not allow for treatment of the immature permanent tooth to become part of a financially sustainable endodontic practice. The purpose of this webinar is to highlight some of these challenges and offer practical solutions to allow for treatment of the pediatric patient to become a more viable option for your practice. 

    Learning Objectives: 

    • Explain how the etiology of pulpal and periradicular disease influences the outcomes of treatment in the young patient.
    • Apply non-pharmacologic behavior guidance techniques during the treatment of pediatric patients to improve the experience for all.
    • Identify strategies to improve the financially feasibility of treating pediatric patients.  
    Zameera Fida, D.M.D

    Zameera Fida, D.M.D

    Dr. Zameera Fida earned her DMD from the Harvard School of Dental Medicine and completed her residency in endodontics at the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine. She is a dual-trained, dual-board-certified endodontist and pediatric dentist. Prior to her endodontic training, she pursued specialty training in pediatric dentistry at Boston Children's Hospital. Dr. Fida began her academic career as Director of Predoctoral Pediatric Dentistry at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, where she discovered a passion for teaching and mentoring students and dentists. She practiced pediatric dentistry for many years in both private practice and hospital settings before advancing her training in endodontics. After completion of her endodontic training, Dr. Fida practiced part-time in a private practice setting dedicated solely to endodontics while continuing to pursue endodontic care for pediatric patients and those with special health care needs through Boston Children's Hospital until she transitioned into her current role at the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine. Today, Dr. Fida provides endodontic care for patients of all ages and prides herself on guiding patients compassionately through the entire root canal treatment process. As Chair of the Department of Endodontics at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, she oversees clinical, academic, and research initiatives while mentoring the next generation of endodontists.

    Disclosure(s): No financial relationships to disclose

  • Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.5

    Description: Cemental tear is an important condition of relevance to Endodontics and Periodontics but is often overlooked. The diagnosis of cemental tear is often challenging, even for the experienced clinician. In practice, it is common for a cemental tear to be misdiagnosed as a vertical root fracture, an endodontic–periodontal lesion, or a failed periodontal or endodontic treatment. Dentists may treat these clinical cases as pure periodontal and periapical lesions due to misdiagnosis of cemental tears. In some cases, the presence of cemental tears was realized after the extraction of non-healing teeth. Some failed cases, for unknown reasons, are due to the presence of cemental tear. The limited attention received is most likely due to the unawareness amongst dental professionals and challenges in accurately diagnosing them, resulting in misdiagnosis and erroneous treatment. In this lecture, we will review 1) the etiology, 2) clinical, radiographic, and histological features, (3) classification, 4) recommended treatment strategies linked to the classification 5) treatment outcomes of cemental tear.

    Learning Objectives:  

    • Explain the different etiology of cemental tear.
    • Elaborate clinical and radiographic presentation of cemental tear.
    • Demonstrate different treatment strategies for cemental tears depending on the classification.

    Pierre Wohlgemuth, D.D.S.

    Pierre Wohlgemuth, D.D.S.

    Dr. Pierre Wohlgemuth is a diplomate of the American Board of Endodontics. He received his DDS degree from Lorraine University, France in 2014. After practicing as a general dentist in Paris and his hometown city Metz, he decided to pursue his education by completing the Endodontics program for International Dentists at NYU College of Dentistry in 2015. He then went to Switzerland to practice Endodontics in a private practice setting. He later decided to resume his education and integrated into the Advanced Education Program in Endodontics at NYU College of Dentistry and graduated in 2018. Before working for New York University, Dr. Wohlgemuth was a Full-Time Assistant Professor at Colorado University School of Dental Medicine, Department of Surgical Dentistry, Division of Endodontics. Dr. Wohlgemuth is currently the Assistant Director of the Advanced Education Program in Endodontics at NYU College of Dentistry and a Full-Time Clinical Assistant Professor in the Department of Endodontics.

    Speaker Disclosure

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

    Ye Shi, DDS, MS

    Ye Shi, DDS, MS

    Dr. Ye Shi received her DDS degree from Nanjing Medical University in China, 2011 and then completed a 3-year post-graduate residency and accomplished her master’s degree of Prosthodontics in Pecking Union Medical College, China. Afterward, she came to United States for further training. She first completed a three-year Advanced Program for International Dentists in Implant Dentistry at NYU College of Dentistry. Thereupon, she had her 3-year periodontal training in the Advanced Education Program of Periodontics at NYU College of Dentistry. Dr. Shi is a diplomate of  American Board of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, as well as a diplomate of the International Congress of Oral Implantologists. She serves as Chair of Membership Committee of Northeastern Society of Periodontists  and Vice Chair of Clinical Innovation Committee and member of Global University Task Force Committee and of Academy of Osseointegration . She maintains membership of multiple organization such as the American Association of Periodontology, Northeastern Society of Periodontists, International Team for Implantology , Academy of Osseointegration. She has received numerous awards for her clinical research and published articles in peer-reviewed journals.  In addition to lecturing nationally and internationally, Dr. Shi lectures for the Advanced Program for Periodontics and International Implant Program. Dr. Shi is currently a Clinical Assistant Professor in the department of Periodontics and Implantology at NYU College of Dentistry and the Program Director for the International Summer Practicum Program.

    Speaker Disclosure 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.