Endodontic Education
Endodontic Education
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.0
Description: Management of immature necrotic permanent teeth is complicated for many reasons. The treatment options vary depending on the etiology of pulpal and periradicular disease. In addition, the behavior of the patient may hinder the endodontist’s ability to provide ideal treatment. Finally, reimbursement rates and lack of coverage for certain services may not allow for treatment of the immature permanent tooth to become part of a financially sustainable endodontic practice. The purpose of this webinar is to highlight some of these challenges and offer practical solutions to allow for treatment of the pediatric patient to become a more viable option for your practice.
Learning Objectives:
- Explain how the etiology of pulpal and periradicular disease influences the outcomes of treatment in the young patient.
- Apply non-pharmacologic behavior guidance techniques during the treatment of pediatric patients to improve the experience for all.
- Identify strategies to improve the financially feasibility of treating pediatric patients.
$i++ ?>Zameera Fida, D.M.D
Zameera Fida is a dual trained, dual board-certified endodontist and pediatric dentist. Her clinical interest focuses on the endodontic treatment needs of the young patient. Dr. Fida built an endodontic clinic for pediatric patients within the Department of Dentistry at Boston Children’s Hospital. Through these services, she was providing comprehensive endodontic care for the young patient. She recently transitioned to the Tufts University School of Dental Medicine where she is Chair of the Department of Endodontics and Program Director for the Advanced Graduate Program in Endodontics. In this new role, Dr. Fida aims to train endodontists and general dentists to feel more comfortable in management of the endodontic needs of the immature permanent tooth.
Disclosure(s): No financial relationships to disclose
- Explain how the etiology of pulpal and periradicular disease influences the outcomes of treatment in the young patient.
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.0
Description: Bacterial testing of root canal systems in patients has traditionally presented with many difficulties. The culture technique never gained wide acceptance as the procedure is arduous and time consuming. DNA-based identification such as polymerase chain reaction suffers from high false positive readings by detecting DNA from dead bacterial cells.
A newly introduced ATP assay detection method provides rapid identification of organic residues in root canal systems by detecting ATP, as well as its degradation products ADP and AMP, using a combination of luminescent reactions. The resulting luminescence is measured and displayed as a 0 – 100 Endoscore, with low scores indicating less cellular (bacterial) contamination.
The ability to acquire results within 10 seconds can have significant ramifications in endodontics by allowing dentists to assess and modify cleaning and disinfection protocols in real time. Extrapolating data from research in extracted teeth, with artificially created biofilm, to clinical treatment of patients is complicated with potential inaccurate and erroneous inferences.
This presentation will review the ATP assay detection method and present data illustrating how this method can be used to validate an Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted endodontic protocol for the cleaning and disinfection of root canal systems.
Learning Objectives:
- Describe a rapid chair-side test for root canal cleanliness
- Test to evaluate endodontic treatment protocols.
- Describe how this test can be utilized to evaluate the efficacy of a laser-assisted endodontic protocol, utilizing an Er,Cr:YSGG laser, for the cleaning and disinfection of complex root canal systems.
$i++ ?>Justin Kolnick, DDS
Dr. Kolnick received his dental degree, cum laude, from the University of the Witwatersrand in South Africa, where he was the first dental school graduate to be awarded the University Scholarship for Overseas Postgraduate Study. He received his postdoctoral endodontic training from Columbia University in the City of New York.
Dr. Kolnick has been committed to endodontic education, first as an Associate Clinical Professor in Endodontics at Columbia University and then as an Attending at Westchester Medical Center and an Associate Clinical Professor in Endodontics at New York Medical College. Although he no longer holds these positions, he continues to lecture extensively on local, national and international levels and has published several articles on endodontics. Dr. Kolnick is dedicated to fostering excellence in endodontics through education and the incorporation of the latest technology. For the past 18 years, his experience and expertise in lasers has made a significant contribution to the development of a comprehensive, laser-assisted treatment concept in endodontics.
Disclosure(s): Biolase, EdgeEndo: Consultant, Honorarium/Gift
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.0
Description: Are you a practice owner preparing for transition, selling your practice, or planning for retirement? Or perhaps you’re still in the midst of your career, but want to ensure your personal and charitable wishes are clearly documented.
Join us for a one-hour complimentary webinar in celebration of Make a Will Month! This session will cover the essentials of estate planning and how charitable giving can play a pivotal role in your legacy. With new tax laws potentially on the horizon, now is the perfect time to explore tax-saving strategies that benefit you and the causes you care about.
Don’t miss the opportunity to ensure your estate and charitable plans are in order and to make a lasting impact. This can be your first step towards leaving a legacy that endures for generations to come.
Learning Objectives:
- Gain a clear overview of basic estate planning principles with relevance to endodontists and dental practice owners, including wills, trusts, and powers of attorney.
- Explore the essential documents and strategic considerations that ensure both personal and practice-related assets are protected and aligned with professional goals.
- Discover the most effective and popular tools — such as bequests, donor-advised funds, and charitable trusts — that dental professionals can use to leave a lasting legacy through philanthropic contributions to causes like oral health, education, or professional foundations.
This webinar is free for AAE members
$i++ ?>Lynn M. Gaumer, J.D., CAP®
Lynn M. Gaumer, J.D., CAP® is the senior gift planning consultant for The Stelter Company and a board member of both the Mid-Iowa Planned Giving Council and the National Association of Charitable Gift Planners, where she previously chaired the Leadership Institute. She is also a member of NACGP’s 2025 Development and Government Relations Committees.
With over 25 years of experience in estate and charitable planning, Lynn has spent more than 13 years at Stelter, advising clients on technical planned giving matters and ensuring the accuracy of nonprofit marketing communications. She regularly presents technical webinars for Stelter, speaks at conferences nationwide on a variety of planned giving topics, and authors Stelter’s Expert Insights, a publication covering trends and research in planned giving. Her expertise has also been featured in Planned Giving Today, where she has published two articles.
Before joining Stelter, Lynn spent a decade as an associate attorney specializing in estate and charitable planning.
She earned her B.A. in economics and communication studies from the University of Iowa and her J.D. from the University of South Dakota School of Law.
Lynn has three grown children and resides in Ankeny, Iowa, with her husband, Craig, and their “mystery mutt,” Cosmo.
In accordance with this policy, I declare that I have NO past or present proprietary or relevant, financial relationship or receive gifts in kind (including soft intangible remuneration), consulting position or affiliation, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith.
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.0
Description:
We'll examine key survival rates and success metrics for both options, delving into the fundamental distinctions between teeth and implants. The presentation identifies crucial factors that influence tooth preservation and evaluates the documented evidence regarding implant performance over time compared to natural dentition. Drawing from current research, we'll analyze which restoration approaches and treatment strategies demonstrate optimal long-term outcomes. This evidence-based discussion aims to provide clarity on the durability and effectiveness of both treatment pathways, helping inform clinical decision-making for lasting dental solutions.
Learning Objectives:
- Explain the similarities and differences between a tooth and an implant in terms of long-term survival
- Recognize the factors for clinically acceptable results and success
- Discuss treatment planning alternatives and sustainability of treatment
$i++ ?>Gabriela Lagreca, DDS, DMD, MBA, FACP
Dr. Lagreca is a Board-Certified Prosthodontist and fellow of the American Board of Prosthodontics. She received her first dental degree (DDS) from the Universidad Central de Venezuela in Caracas. She then received her certificate in Prosthodontics, Implant Fellowship training and and currently Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) degrees from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM). Dr. Lagreca teaches in classroom, clinical and preclinical prosthodontics to pre and postdoctoral residents and supports the Office of Academic Affairs in faculty development, training, and calibration. Dr. Lagreca is the President of the American College of Prosthodontics Massachusetts section, where she leads the prosthodontics community in the state, organizes continuing education programs and collaborates with dental professionals and educators from Harvard, Tufts and Boston University. Dr. Lagreca’s achievements have been recognized by the Incisal Edge Magazine 40-under-40 2021 Award and The American Dental Association.
In accordance with this policy, I declare I do not have a past or present proprietary or relevant financial relationship or receive gifts in kind (including soft intangible remuneration), consulting position or affiliation, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, as indicated.
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.5
Description: Systemic health is related to oral health and vice versa. Many systemic diseases are manifested in the oral cavity and many oral conditions and therapies have a profound impact upon systemic diseases. In addition, some of the therapies used to these conditions have significant effects on the oral cavity. For those reasons, it is important for dentists ( and dental health care professionals) to know about their patients' medical conditions before treating them and to understand which diseases manifest themselves in the oral cavity. This course will present a thorough overview of the principles of the management of medical conditions in dental patients, Furthermore, the participant will be updated upon current understanding and treatment of oral conditions such as oral cancer, xerostomia, lichen planus and candidiasis among others.
Learning Objectives:
- Describe the changing epidemiology of medical problems in dental patients
- Review the medical manifestations and treatment options for medical problems in dental patients
- Identify the oral manifestations and potential complications of medical problems in dental patients
Educational support provided by Endodontic Practice Partners
$i++ ?>Nelson L. Rhodus, D.M.D., M.P.H.
NELSON L RHODUS, DMD, MPH, FICD, FRCSEd, FAAOM, Diplomate American Board of Oral Medicine, is a Morse Distinguished Professor and Director of the Division of Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology in the Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences in the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry. He is also an Adjunct Professor of Otolaryngology in the Medical School and an Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology in the School of Public Health . He is a Diplomate, examiner and past President of the American Board of Oral Medicine, He is also past President of the American Academy of Oral Medicine. He is an inductee in the University of Minnesota Academic Health Center Academy of Excellence and the Academy of Distinguished Teachers and the University of Minnesota Scholar’s Walk of Fame. He is a Fellow in the International College of Dentists and of the American College of Dentists and a Fellow in the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. He is an Attending member of the Minnesota Masonic Cancer Center and the Hospital Staff of the University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinics, a consultant to the US Navy Hospital and Hennepin County Medical Center.
Dr. Rhodus directs several oral medicine courses and has been awarded "Professor of the year " for fourteen years and is a recipient the School of Dentistry Century Club Professor of the Year . He has been active in faculty governance and served in many capacities in the University Senate for over 27 years.
Dr. Rhodus has been active with the American Dental Association and the Minnesota Dental Association having served on several committees and the editorial board and has been selected often( x 10) as Best Dentist by Minnesota Monthly and Top Dentist-USA.
Dr. Rhodus has been active in basic and clinical research for over 38 years and he has published over three hundred- eighty refereed scientific papers and abstracts. His H index is 42 and his research has been cited over 5000 times. He has presented over seven-hundred lectures and courses throughout the United States and abroad. He is on the medical advisory board for the National Oral Cancer Foundation and the National Sjogren’s Syndrome Foundation. He is an editor of the Journal of Oral Surgery, Oral medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. He co-authors two textbooks: DENTAL MANAGEMENT OF THE MEDICALLY COMPROMISED PATIENT (10ed.) and OROFACIAL DISORDERS.In accordance with this policy, I declare I have a past or present proprietary or relevant financial relationship or receive gifts in kind (including soft intangible remuneration), consulting position or affiliation or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith as indicated below:
Disclosure(s): NIH, SSF (Grants/Research Support), US Army, Navy, VA (Consultant)
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.0
Description: Fear of dentistry, often due to past painful experiences, is a significant barrier preventing patients from visiting dentists. Achieving effective pain control, especially during root canal treatments, is crucial. However, inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANBs) have a low success rate, influenced by factors such as anxiety, anatomical variations, and technique limitations, leading to anesthesia failure. Although numerous studies have examined the cold test and electric pulp test (EPT) in assessing the success of local anesthesia, no standardized method has been established. This study evaluated the effectiveness of EPT and cold tests in assessing the depth of anesthesia in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in the mandibular first molar teeth.
At the conclusion of this article, the reader will be able to:
- Describe the effectiveness of cold and electric pulp tests (EPT) in assessing the success of inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
- Evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the cold test and EPT in diagnosing pulpal anesthesia failure.
- Discuss the clinical implications of combining cold and electric pulp tests for improving diagnostic accuracy in determining pulpal anesthesia success.
$i++ ?>Farzaneh Afkhami, DDS, MSc
Dr. Farzaneh Afkhami is a board-certified endodontist and an associate professor at the Department of Endodontics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, and holds an academic affiliation with the School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Australia. She has authored over 50 research papers related to endodontics in prestigious peer-reviewed journals. Her work has garnered over 1.3 K citations and an h-index of 19 on Google Scholar. Dr. Afkhami has shared her findings at international scientific conferences and has supervised both
undergraduate and postgraduate students. Additionally, she holds a patent on a nanomaterial product as a root canal medicament, further advancing the field of endodontics.
$i++ ?>Sholeh Ghabraei, DDS, MSc
Dr Sholeh Ghabraei is board-certified specialist in endodontics. She currently serves as associate professor in endodontics department, Dental school, Tehran university of medical sciences. Her research focuses on various aspects of endodontics including randomized controlled trials of anesthesia and pain control. She published 44 peer reviewed manuscripts.
$i++ ?>Nasim Hashemi, DDS, MSc
Dr. Nasim Hashemi is a board-certified specialist in Endodontics. She achieved 2nd rank in the Iranian Endodontic Board Examination in 2025. Her research focuses on various aspects of endodontics including randomized controlled trials of anesthesia and pain control and broken instrument removal.
She has published nine peer-reviewed manuscripts, contributing to advancements in endodontic science.
$i++ ?>Ove A. Peters, D.M.D., Ph.D., M.Sc.
Dr. Ove A. Peters joined the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, in 2020 after faculty positions in Heidelberg, Germany and Zurich, Switzerland, as well as at the University of California, San Francisco. He currently serves as the Professor of Endodontics and Head of Clinical Dentistry at UQ. Before moving to Australia, Dr. Peters was the founding director of the postgraduate endodontic program at the Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry in San Francisco, a professor with tenure and the Chair of the Department of Endodontics at that school.
Dr. Peters has wide-ranging clinical and research expertise and has published more than 230 manuscripts related to endodontic technology and biology. He has authored two books and contributed to several leading textbooks in dentistry; he also is an associate editor for the International Endodontic Journal as well as the Australian Endodontic Journal, an academic editor for PLOS One and serves on the review panel of multiple other journals. Among others awards, Dr Peters has received the Hans Genet Award of the European Society of Endodontology and more recently the Louis I. Grossman Award of the American Association of Endodontists. He is a Diplomate of the ABE, a member of OKU and a Fellow of the International and American Colleges of Dentistry.Disclosure(s): Dentsply Sirona: Grant/Research Support (Ongoing), Honorarium (Ongoing), Speaker/Honoraria (includes speakers bureau, symposia, and expert witness) (Ongoing)
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Product not yet rated Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.0
Description: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the pooled estimate and relative risk of periapical lesions in natural teeth adjacent to implants.
At the conclusion of this article, the reader will be able to:
- Evaluate the impact of dental implants on the periapical health of adjacent natural teeth.
- Describe the relative risk of developing periapical radiolucent lesions (PARLs) in natural teeth adjacent to implants compared to those adjacent to non-implants.
- Discuss potential mechanisms that may contribute to the development of PARLs in adjacent natural teeth.
$i++ ?>Mike Sabeti, DDS, MA
Dr. Sabeti's impressive dental career began with a DDS degree from the University of Texas Dental Branch at Houston in 1993. He then pursued further specialization, completing programs in Periodontics at Tufts School of Dental Medicine and Endodontics at the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC .
Following his postgraduate training, Dr. Sabeti served at the University of Texas Dental Branch from 1995 to 2000 in postgraduate periodontology. He has since distinguished himself through leadership roles at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). Currently, he directs their postgraduate endodontics program and chairs the PECC. He also holds the prestigious position of president for the Northern California Academy of Endodontics. He is also a site visitor for The Commission on Dental Accreditation and a delegate with the American Dental Education Association.
Dr. Sabeti is a board-certified endodontist renowned for his contributions to the field. He has actively shared his expertise through numerous invited presentations, publications in textbooks and chapters, and his dedication has been recognized with several awards. These include the Certificate in Recognition of Outstanding Services at USC, a Certificate of Appreciation from the University of Texas, and the Excellence in Teaching Award from UCSF's Haile T. Debas Academy of Medical Educators.Speaker Disclosure
I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.
$i++ ?>Heather Kim, DDS
Heather was born in Seoul, South Korea and raised in New Jersey. She received her Bachelor of Science in Biology from the University of Pennsylvania. Afterwards, she attended dental school at Columbia University and completed a General Practice Residency at Woodhull Hospital in Brooklyn, NY. She is excited to continue her dental training at UCSF.
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.25
Description: As the demand for endodontic surgery continues to rise, the significance of soft tissue management becomes increasingly important, particularly in the anterior area where achieving esthetically successful outcomes is paramount. Emphasizing prevention as the optimal strategy, this session will delve into the best practices for minimizing esthetic complications. It is equally imperative to know how to resolve issues such as gingival recession or papilla loss. This comprehensive session will cover crucial aspects including the esthetic considerations in anterior zones, advanced flap and suturing techniques addressing high-risk scenarios and shed light on soft tissue grafting procedures to correct post-op recession using various grafting materials.
Learning Objectives:
- Analyze the key factors influencing the esthetic outcome in endodontic surgery.
- Assess and prioritize these parameters for optimal results.
- Describe advanced flap design techniques and suturing techniques designed to minimize the risk of esthetic complications.
$i++ ?>Ye Shi, DDS, MS
Dr. Ye Shi received her DDS degree from Nanjing Medical University in China, 2011 and then completed a 3-year post-graduate residency and accomplished her master’s degree of Prosthodontics in Pecking Union Medical College, China. Afterward, she came to United States for further training. She first completed a three-year Advanced Program for International Dentists in Implant Dentistry at NYU College of Dentistry. Thereupon, she had her 3-year periodontal training in the Advanced Education Program of Periodontics at NYU College of Dentistry. Dr. Shi is a diplomate of American Board of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, as well as a diplomate of the International Congress of Oral Implantologists. She serves as Chair of Membership Committee of Northeastern Society of Periodontists and Vice Chair of Clinical Innovation Committee and member of Global University Task Force Committee and of Academy of Osseointegration . She maintains membership of multiple organization such as the American Association of Periodontology, Northeastern Society of Periodontists, International Team for Implantology , Academy of Osseointegration. She has received numerous awards for her clinical research and published articles in peer-reviewed journals. In addition to lecturing nationally and internationally, Dr. Shi lectures for the Advanced Program for Periodontics and International Implant Program. Dr. Shi is currently a Clinical Assistant Professor in the department of Periodontics and Implantology at NYU College of Dentistry and the Program Director for the International Summer Practicum Program.Speaker Disclosure
I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 2.25
Description: In this educational webinar, the essential features of both soft and hard tissue (bone) pathology, such as gingival soft tissue lesions and intraosseous periapical lesions will be discussed. Special focus will be on topics of pathology most relevant to the endodontist. The speakers, board certified in Oral Medicine and Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology will describe the clinical, radiographic, and microscopic features of a range of entities and review management.
Learning Objectives:
- Review a variety of oral soft and hard tissue pathology which may be encountered by endodontists.
- Review the different classifications of pathology, namely inflammatory, infectious, immune mediated, developmental, neoplastic, genetic, and oral manifestation of systemic disease.
- Review the suitable management options for the selected soft and hard tissue pathologic entities.
$i++ ?>Alexander Ross Kerr, DDS, MSD, FDS RCPS(Glasg)
Dr. Ross Kerr is a board-certified Oral Medicine Specialist who received his DDS from McGill University in Montreal, Canada, and his MSD and certificate in Oral Medicine at the University of Washington. He is a Clinical Professor and the Director of Oral Medicine in the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology & Medicine at New York University College of Dentistry, and the recipient of NYU’s distinguished teaching award. He is a past president of the American Academy of Oral Medicine, secretary of the American Board of Oral Medicine, and steering committee member of the World Workshop on Oral Medicine. His research experience includes the evaluation of current and emerging technologies for the detection and diagnosis of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders. He has contributed more than 100 publications to the dental and medical literature.
Speaker Disclosure
In accordance with this policy, I declare I have a past or present proprietary or relevant financial relationship or receive gifts in kind (including soft intangible remuneration), consulting position or affiliation, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, as indicated: Stock, Triage Inc.
$i++ ?>Arthi Kumar, DDS
Dr. Arthi Kumar is a board-certified Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologist who completed her training at New York Presbyterian Queens. She is currently a Clinical Assistant Professor in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, New York University College of Dentistry. In addition to making diagnoses at the microscope, Dr. Kumar sees patients in the Oral Medicine clinic and teaches undergraduate dental students in didactic and clinical courses at the college.
Speaker Disclosure
I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.
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Includes Credits
CE Hours: 1.25
Description: Pain is fraught in the dental world. It is often the driver of emergency dental visits, yet it also keeps many fearful patients out of the dental chair. Thankfully, we live in a world with effective pharmaceuticals to manage pain of endodontic origin pre-operatively, effective anesthesia to eliminate painful delivery of care, and strategies to minimize postoperative discomfort. In this lecture, we’ll present an organized and evidence-based algorithm for both diagnosing and managing pain of endodontic origin, including before, during and following the delivery of definitive care.
Learning Objectives:
- Explain the origins of orofacial pain
- Discuss appropriate management strategies for pain of endodontic origin
- Review management strategies for postoperative and persistent pain conditions
$i++ ?>Brooke Blicher, DMD, Certificate in Endodontics
Dr. Brooke Blicher received her BA in Chemistry from Colgate University, where she graduated Magna Cum Laude and Phi Beta Kappa, her DMD from the Harvard School of Dental Medicine where she graduated with honors in research, and her certificate in Endodontics from Tufts University School of Dental Medicine.
Dr. Blicher is a Diplomate of the American Board of Endodontics, and a Fellow in both the American College of Dentistry and the International College of Dentistry. She continues to be involved with teaching, research and mentorship, holding faculty appointments at both Harvard and Tufts Schools of Dental Medicine. Dr. Blicher has been involved in organized dentistry as a member of several committees for the American Association of Endodontists, and her local and state dental societies.
While providing state of the art specialty care in her private practice in White River Junction, Vermont, Dr. Blicher continues to pursue her academic interests. She authored the chapter “Diagnosis and Treatment Planning” in the 6th edition of Endodontics: Principles and Practice, as well as the textbooks Endodontics: A Review, now in its second edition, and the newly published Clinical Endodontics, available in March. She has published extensively, including in the Journal of Dental Research, General Dentistry, Inside Dentistry, and Compendium. Dr. Blicher has lectured both locally and internationally on endodontic diagnosis, non-odontogenic pain, fractures, trauma, resorption, treatment of immature teeth, and CBCTs in endodontics as well as on ideal restorative care following endodontic treatment.
Speaker Disclosure
In accordance with this policy, I declare I have a past or present proprietary or relevant financial relationship or receive gifts in kind (including soft intangible remuneration), consulting position or affiliation, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, as indicated: Quintessence Publishing (Individual(s) Involved: Self): other financial or materials support.
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