Speaker: Mahmoud Torabinejad, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have shown the effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as a repair material for pulp capping, pulpotomy, apical plug, pulp regeneration, root perforation, root-end filling and root canal filling. Preliminary data regarding fast-set MTA and MTA sealer will be presented.

SP-35: In the event of endodontic instrument separation, the endodontist has to be prepared to manage this difficult clinical situation. The clinical decision should be based on a thorough knowledge of the success rates for each treatment option and the risks associated with them. SP-36: Speaker: André G. Machado, D.D.S. Removing fractured files below the curvature of root canals can be extremely inaccessible, causing great wear and even deviation while trying to remove it, especially in highly curved roots. In this context, a new proposal was designed, based on the removal of fractured instruments by surgical access without removing the apical third or promoting excessive wear. SP-37: Speaker: Asgeir Sigurdsson, D.D.S., M.S. Separated instruments in root canals have the potential to compromise endodontic treatment as they prevent access to the apex and thereby impede thorough cleaning, shaping and sealing of the root canal system. Removing or bypassing a separated instrument in the apical third, especially curved roots, is almost impossible.

Speaker: Mahmoud Torabinejad, D.M.D., M.S.D., Ph.D. , Endodontic surgery consists of sealing of all portals of exits to the root canal system, elimination of bacteria from contaminating the periradicular tissues, and providing an environment that allows for regeneration of periradicular tissues. Studies have reported significant differences in healing with and without root-end filling materials.

Speaker: Bekir Karabucak, D.M.D., M.S. Endodontic microsurgery has evolved tremendously due to advances in materials and surgical techniques. In the last decade, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate has become the material of choice based on biological principles; however, the cost and handling properties remain practical obstacles to its use. Recently, other calcium silicate cements, like EndoSequence® Root Repair Material (Brasseler USA, Savannah, Ga.) have been introduced that overcome some of these working issues. This presentation will review the clinical applications, outcomes and biological responses of bioceramic root repair materials.  

Authors: Dohyun Kim, D.D.S., M.S.D., Wonyoung Yue, D.D.S., Tai-Cheol Yoon, D.D.S., M.S.D., Ph.D., Sung-Ho Park, D.D.S., M.S.D., Ph.D., Euiseong Kim, D.D.S., M.S.D., Ph.D." The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the healing type and assess the outcome of horizontal intra-alveolar root fractures after endodontic treatment with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as filling material.

Authors: Miguel Seruca Marques, D.D.S., Paul R. Wesselink, D.D.S., Ph.D., Hagay Shemesh, D.M.D., Ph.D. The aim of this experimental study was to assess the outcome of direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) after complete excavation of caries in permanent dentition with a 2-visit treatment protocol.

Authors: Johannes Mente, Priv-Doz, Dr med dent; Sarah Hufnagel; Meltem Leo, Dr med dent; Annemarie Michel, Dr med dent; Holger Gehrig, Dr med dent, M.Sc.; Dimos Panagidis, Dr med dent; Daniel Saure, M.Sc.; Thorsten Pfefferle, Dr med dent This controlled, historic cohort study project continues a previously reported trial aiming to assess treatment outcome of direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) versus calcium hydroxide (CH). Potential prognostic factors were re-evaluated on the basis of a larger sample size and longer follow-up periods.

Authors: Phillip R. Kramer, Ph.D.; Karl F. Woodmansey, D.D.S.; Robert White, D.D.S.; Carolyn M. Primus, Ph.D.; Lynne A. Opperman, Ph.D. Calcium aluminate cements have shown little affinity for bacterial growth, low toxicity, and immunogenicity when used as a restoration material, but calcium aluminate cements have not been tested in vivo in pulpotomy procedures.

Authors: Robert Schneider, D.D.S., M.S.; G. Rex Holland, BSc, D.D.S., Ph.D..; Daniel Chi ego, Jr., M.S., Ph.D.; Jan C.C. Hu, B.D.S., Ph.D.; Jacques E. Nor, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D.; Tatiana M. Bolero, D.D.S., M.S. Regenerative endodontic protocols recommend white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) as a capping material because of its osteoinductive properties. Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) are presumed to be involved in this regenerative process, but the effects of WMTA on SCAP are largely unknown. Our hypothesis was that WMTA induces proliferation and migration of SCAP.