Speaker: Catherine R. Ricci, D.D.S., Etienne Medioni, D.D.S., Ph.D. The purpose of this lecture is to present our personal experience on revascularization techniques based on the limitations of the French laws, through a 7-year follow up of several cases. We will explain evolution of the techniques and justify our current therapeutic choice.

Speakers: Alan Gluskin, D.D.S., Roberta Pileggi, D.D.S., M.S. As educators we understand that communication skills, patient rapport and patient management are critical components of health care. This presentation will demonstrate how two virtual patients presenting with dental pain and trauma can be used in your curriculum to support active case-based learning, enhancing students’ diagnostic abilities, clinical management, communication skills and cultural sensitivity.

Speaker: Igor Tsesis, D.M.D. A decision of intervention for an endodontically treated tooth with periapical radiolucency should be based on the technical feasibility of the treatment, risk of complications and patient values and preferences. This presentation will discuss patient-focused clinical decision making process regarding the management and preservation of natural teeth based on the principles of evidence based medicine.

Speaker: Bradford R. Johnson, D.D.S., M.H.P.E. The goal of this presentation is to serve as a brief overview of medical conditions and medications that may require treatment modification to ensure safe surgical treatment. The presentation will focus primarily on cardiovascular disease, selection of local anesthetic, anticoagulant therapy and hemostasis, diabetes, kidney and liver disease, immunosuppression, history of antiresorptive agent drug therapy, prosthetic joint replacement and relevant drug interactions.

SP-27: Speaker: Elisabetta Cotti, D.D.S., M.S. It is widely-known that a correct endodontic treatment should take care of endodontic infection and promote healing of apical periodontitis. The general health of the patient affected by apical periodontitis, the medications taken, and the host predisposing factors, like genetics, have been very seldom considered when discussing the treatment and prognosis of apical periodontitis. SP-28: Speaker: Mo Kang, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D. Apical periodontitis (AP) continues to present challenge for endodontic therapies. This lecture will summarize the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying AP and present the emerging role of epigenetic regulators that determine inflammatory and immune responses.

SP-1: Speaker: Carlos Aznar Portoles, D.D.S., M.Sc. The success rate of endodontic surgical retreatment has shown to be above 90% when modern techniques are used. This presentation will focus on the surgical management of teeth that had previously been unsuccessfully surgically retreated. SP-2: Speaker: Bruce Y. Cha, DMD. In posterior maxilla, the sinus and posterior teeth are often intimately located and their mutual health intricately related. Clinicians should be aware of this interdependence when diagnosing and treating diseases in this region. SP-3: Speaker: Rachele Luciano, DMD. Post-operative pain can, in some cases, persist several months after endodontic therapy despite seemingly adequate treatment. When endodontic pathology has been ruled out, we must start thinking outside the box.

SP-21: Speaker: Sumin Lee, D.D.S., M.S.D., D.Sc. Since the discovery of stem cells in the dental pulp and the periradicular tissues, research in regenerative endodontics has grown exponentially, promising that stem-cell-based therapies have the potential to improve our conventional endodontic treatment. This presentation will review the perspectives in the field of dental pulp tissue-engineering. SP-22: Speaker: Christine Berthold, D.D.S., M.Sc., Ph.D. Dento-alveolar trauma can cause reversible or irreversible damage to the involved tooth structure and surrounding tissues. Based on interesting clinical cases, the different pulpal conditions, found after dento-alveolar trauma, will be discussed including treatment approaches, biological background and advantages/disadvantages of the various techniques.

Speaker: Domenico Ricucci, D.D.S., M.D. Recent histomorphological studies have demonstrated that bacteria are often observed to form complex structures adhering to the root canal walls in teeth with necrotic pulps and periapical radiolucencies. These structures, known as "biofilms," have also been associated with apical periodontitis. This presentation will describe the various periapical responses to the apical progression of pulp degeneration. In addition, the patterns of bacterial colonization of anatomical complexities such as isthmuses, lateral canals and apical ramifications will be explained. The mechanisms by which bacteria invade the periapical tissue and become established extraradicularly, depending on various time factors, will also be analyzed. Finally discussed will be the role of the lesion type and the importance of bacterial biofilm localization on the nonhealing of periapical pathosis following contemporary root canal treatment.

Authors: Edwin Ka Meng Chan, D.M.D., Mia Desmeules, D.M.D., Margaret Cielecki, D.M.D.., FRSC(C), Basma Dabbagh, D.M.D., FRSC(C), M.Sc., Beatriz Ferraz dos Santos, D.D.S., M.Sc. This study aimed to explore patients’ values when selecting treatment for a tooth with apical periodontitis (AP), namely retention via root canal treatment (RCT) and extraction without replacement, or replacement with implant-supported crowns or fixed or removable partial prostheses.

Authors: Carla A.B.C.M. Nunes, D.D.S., M.Sc., Ph.D., Orlando Aguirre Guedes, D.D.S., M.Sc., Ph.D., Ana Helena G. Alencar, D.D.S., M.Sc., Ph.D., Ove A. Peters, D.M.D., M.S., Ph.D., Cyntia R.A. Estrela, D.D.S., M.Sc., Ph.D., Carlos Estrela, D.D.S., M.Sc., Ph.D. Periapical inflammation is often responsible for distinct maxillary sinus (MS) changes. This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated the association between the clinical characteristics of periapical lesions (presence, size, and distance) in maxillary posterior teeth and the presence of sinus abnormalities by evaluating cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images obtained from an archived collection.