Free COVID-19 Webinars

The AAE is committed to providing members and the endodontic community with relevant information regarding the ever-evolving COVID-19 pandemic. As part of this ongoing effort, we are proud to offer these webinars for free. Anyone with a MyAAE account can log in to Endo On Demand and select "Subscribe" to sign up for live broadcasts and to access recordings. If you do not have a MyAAE account, create one for free to gain access.

All Webinars

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: Increased levels of proinflammatory markers have been reported in tissues of individuals with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesize that inflamed dental pulp tissues of individuals with previous history of COVID-19 may present a differential inflammatory gene expression profile in comparison with individuals who never had COVID-19.

    At the conclusion of this article, the reader will be able to: 

    • Explain molecular markers of inflamed dental pulp tissue in patients with and without history of COVID-19
    • Identify novel biological pathways involved in dental pulp inflammation
    • Describe how past COVID-19 disease status may impact dental pulp inflammation

    Han Na Cho, DMD, MSD

    Dr. Han Na Cho graduated from Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts with a Bachelor of Arts in Biology and a minor in Chemistry. She then earned her Doctor of Dental Medicine degree at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine in Philadelphia. After graduating from dental school, she completed a General Practice Residency (GPR) at Flushing Hospital Medical Center in New York and continued her education at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, where she earned her specialty certificate in Endodontics and a Master of Science in Dentistry degree. Dr. Cho is an American Board of Endodontics eligible endodontist and is currently an active member of the American Association of Endodontists, American Dental Association, Texas Dental Association and Greater Houston Dental Society. She is currently working as an associate in a private practice in Houston. 

    Leticia Chaves de Souza, DDS, MS, PhD

    Cleverick Johnson, DDS, MS

    John R. Klein, PhD

    Timothy C. Kirkpatrick, DDS

    Dr. Timothy Kirkpatrick is a professor in the Department of Endodontics at UTHealth School of Dentistry at Houston, where he also serves as the Department Chair and Program Director of the Advanced Education in Endodontics Program.

    Renato M. Silva, D.D.S., M.S., P.h.D.

    Dr. Silva received his DDS from the University Gama Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1994. He received his endodontic certificate from both Brazil (University Gama Filho) and US (University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston). Dr. Silva received his MS (2002) in Endodontics and PhD (2006) degree in Oral Sciences from University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. He also completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Human Molecular Genetics at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Silva worked as an Assistant Professor at University of Pittsburgh from 2007 to 2011, and Associate/Professor/Department Chair at University of Texas at Houston from 2011 to 2021. Dr. Silva is currently a Professor and Chair of the Department of Endodontics at The University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine. Dr. Silva has edited a textbook about Endodontic retreatment and published several peer-reviewed articles in the field of Endodontics and Human Genetics. He is a board-certified endodontist and maintains a faculty practice limited to Endodontics.

    Speaker Disclosure 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

    Ariadne Letra, D.D.S., M.S., P.h.D.

    Dr. Ariadne Letra is a tenured professor of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences and Endodontics, and a member of the Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics at the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine.  

    Dr. Letra’s research focuses on gene discovery and functional genomic characterization approaches to understand the etiology of complex craniofacial and oral traits and conditions such as cleft lip/palate, tooth agenesis, and apical periodontitis. Another aspect of Dr. Letra’s work focuses on identifying host factors contributing to the interconnectedness between oral and systemic health and disease. 

    Dr. Letra has been the principal investigator for several NIH and AAE foundation grants and has served in various NIH study sections. Her residents have also been recipients of numerous AAE Resident Research grant awards and placed among the top ten winners of the AAE/Dentsply Resident Research Presentation Awards for the last ten years.

    Dr. Letra’s work has been recognized through prestigious awards including the 2020 Journal of Endodontics Best Paper in Clinical Research Award. Her work was also featured on the cover of the Journal of Endodontics, Journal of Dental Research, and Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research Journal.  Dr. Letra is a recipient of the distinguished 2018 AADR/SCADA Burton C. Borgelt Faculty 160 peer-reviewed articles, 5 book chapters, and numerous abstracts and publications in the media. She is an associate editor of the Journal of Endodontics, and a member of the editorial board of numerous medical and dental journals including the Journal of Dental Research, Journal of Dental Research Clinical and Translational Research, American Journal of Human Genetics, among others.

    Dr. Letra is currently Chair of the AAE Research and Scientific Affairs Committee.

    Disclosure

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

  • Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: There is lack of data on whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with changes in the etiology of pathosis in endodontic patients. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of cracks and other etiologic factors during the period of March 16th to May 31st in 2020 (COVID-19 initial outbreak) and 2021 (COVID-19 ongoing pandemic) compared with figures from the same period in 2019 (pre-COVID era) in 2 endodontists’ practices.

    At the conclusion of this article, the reader will be able to: 

    • Identify the important etiologic factors for endodontic treatment in Endodontists’ offices
    • Determine the rate of cracked teeth before and after the onset of the pandemic
    • Determine the rate of persistent infections before and after the onset of the pandemic

    Ali Nosrat, DDS, MS, MDS

    Dr. Ali Nosrat is currently a part-time Clinical Assistant Professor at the School of Dentistry, University of Maryland in Baltimore. Dr. Nosrat received his specialty degree in Endodontics and Masters of Oral Biology in June 2015. He became a Diplomate of the American Board of Endodontics in June 2016. Dr. Nosrat maintains a full-time private practice limited to Endodontics in Northern Virginia.
    Dr. Nosrat holds a Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS, 2002) and Master of Science (MS) and a specialty degree in Endodontics from Tehran Dental School, Iran (2002). He received his Board Certification from Iranian Association of Endodontist in 2007. 
    Dr. Nosrat currently serves on the Research and Scientific Affairs Committee at the AAE. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board for the Journal of Endodontics and a scientific reviewer for International Endodontic Journal and Dental Traumatology. He has published more than 50 articles in the fields of pain, vital pulp therapy in immature teeth, regenerative endodontics, root canal anatomy, management of resorptions, and the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on endodontic patients.

    Peter Yu, BS

    Prashant Verma, DDS, MS, FAGD

    Omid Dianat, DDS, MS, MDS

    Di Wu, Ph.D.

    Ashraf F. Fouad, D.D.S., M.S.

    Dr. Fouad obtained his DDS, Certificate of Endodontics and MS at the University of Iowa. 

    He served on the faculty and in various administrative roles at University of Connecticut, the University of Maryland, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He is currently Professor and Chair, Department of Endodontics, Director, Advanced Endodontics Program, and Interim Director, Health Information and Business Systems (HIBS) at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

    Dr. Fouad has published over 110 peer-reviewed manuscripts, 25 textbook chapters, and 145 abstracts. He edited and co-authored the textbooks: Endodontic Microbiology (now in its second edition), as well as the fifth and sixth editions of Endodontics: Principles and Practice. He is a Diplomate and Past President of the American Board of Endodontics, and an Associate Editor of the Journal of Endodontics, Dental Traumatology and Frontiers of Dental Medicine – Endodontics. He received the Distinguished Scientist Award from the Pulp Biology and Regeneration Group of the International Association of Dental Research in 2017, and the AAE President’s Award in 2022.

    Speaker Disclosure

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation

  • Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: The aims of this study were to investigate aerosolized microorganisms generated during endodontic emergencies and nonsurgical root canal therapy (NSRCT), to assess the spread of airborne microbes, and to verify the spatial distribution of airborne microbial spread.

    • Describe the primary transmission route of COVID-19 aerosol spread.
    • Recognize relationships between dental procedures and the risk of aerosol spread.
    • Examine the impact of COVID-19 on how dental care is delivered.

    Mason Bahador, DMD

    Rayyan A. Alfirdous, DMD

    Theeb A. Alquria, DMD,*‡

    Ina L. Griffin, DMD,*

    Patricia A. Tordik, DMD, FICD,*

    Frederico C. Martinho, DDS, MSc, PhD*

    Dr. Martinho is currently a Clinical Professor in Endodontics at the University of Maryland School of Dentistry. He obtained his M.S. and Ph.D. in Endodontics from the State University of Campinas UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil, and the University of Washington. He served as a faculty member at the State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Brazil. He has lectured nationally and internationally and published over 90 scientific articles in peer-reviewed Journals. He has received Journal of Endodontic Publication awards and an honorable mention in 2017, 2018, and 2022. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Journal of Endodontics, and a reviewer for numerous Endodontic and Dental Journals.  He is the 2022 recipient of the Educator Fellowship Award from the American Association of Endodontists Foundation (AAEF).   

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company or in any firm beneficially associated therewith that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 2.0

    Description: The dental profession was dramatically impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to the economic toll on the practice of dentistry, the trust of the public in the infection control practices in dental offices gained tremendous importance. Universal precautions that have long been in use in dentistry have been successful in keeping the rate of positivity among dental personnel and their patients very low. This presentation will review key parameters of infection control in the dental office, with emphasis on current guidelines related to the pandemic.

    Learning Objectives: 

    • Discuss the evidence for transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 in the dental office
    • Describe the current national guidelines for infection control in the dental office
    • Discuss current best practice recommendations for the Endodontics community

    Ashraf F. Fouad, D.D.S., M.S.

    Dr. Fouad obtained his DDS, Certificate of Endodontics and MS at the University of Iowa. 

    He served on the faculty and in various administrative roles at University of Connecticut, the University of Maryland, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He is currently Professor and Chair, Department of Endodontics, Director, Advanced Endodontics Program, and Interim Director, Health Information and Business Systems (HIBS) at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.

    Dr. Fouad has published over 110 peer-reviewed manuscripts, 25 textbook chapters, and 145 abstracts. He edited and co-authored the textbooks: Endodontic Microbiology (now in its second edition), as well as the fifth and sixth editions of Endodontics: Principles and Practice. He is a Diplomate and Past President of the American Board of Endodontics, and an Associate Editor of the Journal of Endodontics, Dental Traumatology and Frontiers of Dental Medicine – Endodontics. He received the Distinguished Scientist Award from the Pulp Biology and Regeneration Group of the International Association of Dental Research in 2017, and the AAE President’s Award in 2022.

    Speaker Disclosure

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation

  • Product not yet rated Includes Credits

    CE Hours: 1.0

    Description: Wearing proper personal protective equipment has always been a requirement of OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. The SARS-CoV-19 abruptly spotlighted the increased need for respiratory hygiene protection in dental settings. This fast-paced session covers post-COVID respiratory protection considerations and requirements for dental professionals. In addition to a Question/Answer session, participants are encouraged to bring a respirator mask for a user-seal check demonstration.

    • Review health hazards of airborne-transmitted diseases and current trends in respiratory hygiene technology.
    • Compare current OSHA and CDC respiratory hygiene requirements and guidelines.
    • Outline OSHA requirements for a Respiratory Protection Plan and fit testing for respirator masks.

    Linda Harvey, R.D.H., M.S., H.R.M

    Linda Harvey, RDH, MS, HRM teaches dentists and teams how to effectively integrate regulatory compliance into their practices, in order to protect their patients, practices and themselves from fines, fees or other mishaps. Linda presents, writes, and consults in the areas of risk management, patient safety, and regulatory compliance including HIPAA, HITECH and identity theft. Her unparalleled achievements include healthcare risk management and workers compensation experience, Distinguished Fellow, American Society of Healthcare Risk Management and a ten-year history of providing custom remediation courses to fulfill disciplinary sanctions. As an active member of National Speakers Association, Linda presents content rich courses sprinkled with real-life stories of mishaps and errors along with many practical, easy-to-implement solutions. Attendees can expect to take away cost-saving tips and strategies based upon Linda’s real-world experience having worked with clients who have undergone audits such as OSHA, infection control, and HIPAA.

    Speaker Disclosure 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

    Linda Harvey, R.D.H., M.S., H.R.M

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation


  • Includes Credits

    To register for this FREE webinar, please select "subscribe" to register. 

    CE: 1.0 

    Description:Production will be the number one factor that will determine the length, depth, and success of an endodontic practice’s recovery from the COVID-19 crisis. How quickly endo practices adapt to today’s radically changed business environment will impact them for years to come. Join Dr. Roger Levin for an insightful, up-to-the-minute look at what is and isn’t working for endodontists in the post-COVID era.

    This presentation will focus on the 10 strategies that every endo practice can and must utilize to reinvent their practice management foundation, understand the pathway to recovery, attract new referrals and manage all of this with a whole new set of rules and regulations. Endodontists and their teams will need to rethink every aspect of the practice to be fully successful in a post-COVID-19 world.

    • List the 10 strategies developed by Levin Group that will immediately improve endo practice performance, production and the rate of post-COVID-19 recovery.
    • Explain how systems and scripting such as scheduling, handling emergencies, referring doctor management, case presentation, managing insurance, customer service and other key practice production factors need to change.
    • Identify the leadership qualities that virtually guarantee success under any economic condition.

    Roger P. Levin, D.D.S.

    Dr. Roger P. Levin is the CEO of Levin Group, a leading dental management consulting firm. Founded in 1985, Levin Group has worked with over 30,000 dental practices. Dr. Levin is one of the most sought-after educators in dentistry and is a leading authority on dental practice success and sustainable growth. Through extensive research and cutting-edge innovation, Dr. Levin is a recognized expert on propelling practices into the top 10%. He has authored 65 books and over 4,000 articles on dental practice management and marketing.

    Dr. Levin sits on the editorial board of 5 prominent dental publications and has been named as one of the “Leaders in Dentistry” by Dentistry Today magazine for the last 15 years. He was recently named one of the “32 Most Influential People in Dentistry” by Incisal Edge magazine and voted Best Dental Consultant by the readers of Drbicuspid.com. He has been featured in the Wall Street Journal, New York Times, and Time magazine and isthe creator of the Levin Group Tip of the Day which has over 30,000 subscribers.

    Roger P. Levin, D.D.S. 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

  • Includes Credits

    To register for this FREE webinar, please select "subscribe" to register. 

    CE: 1.0 

    Description: This webinar will provide an overview of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Interim Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Dental Settings During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Response

    • Review CDC’s Interim Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Dental Settings During the COVID-19 Response.
    • Provide an update of CDC resources for dental health care personnel.
    • Discuss frequently asked questions received during the COVID-19 pandemic.

    Michele Neuburger, DDS, MPH

    Dr. Michele Neuburger is a dental officer in CDC’s Division of Oral Health (DOH). Dr. Neuburger joined the division in February 2015, where she focuses on issues related to infection prevention and control and dental public health. She holds a Doctor of Dental Surgery degree from the University of Michigan School of Dentistry and a Master of Public Health degree from the Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, located in AtlantaIn addition, she completed a dental public health residency and a research fellowship at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and is a Diplomate of the American Board of Dental Public Health. She is currently serving on CDC’s Health Systems and Worker Safety Task Force for the COVID-19 response. 

    Michele Neuburger, DDS, MPH

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

  • Includes Credits

    To register for this FREE webinar, please select "subscribe" to register. 

    CE: 0

    Description: 

    As dental care resumes while the cases of COVID-19 continue, it is more important than ever to ensure all care providers are practicing appropriate respiratory protection.  Guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest an approach in which each dental practice or clinic evaluate the materials and devices that work best for them, and implement a layered approach to providing a safe care environment.  This program will review the administrative, work practice and engineering controls, and PPE recommended for dental professionals. 

    • Describe the CDC guidelines for respiratory protection during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    • Evaluate administrative, engineering, and work practice control intended to prevention respiratory disease transmission.
    • Explain the requirements of an OSHA-required respiratory protection program. 

    Eve Cuny, M.S.

    Eve Cuny is the Executive Associate Dean and Professor of Diagnostic Sciences at University of the Pacific, Dugoni School of Dentistry in San Francisco, California where she is also Assistant Dean for Global Relations. Ms. Cuny is a member of the National Occupational Research Agenda Council, and has served as a reviewer and subject matter expert for CDC.  She has worked in the area of dental infection prevention and patient safety for the past 30 years.  Ms. Cuny is a member of the board of directors of the Organization for Safety, Asepsis and Prevention (OSAP).

    Kathy Eklund, RDH, MHP

    Kathy Eklund is the Director of Occupational Health and Safety, and the Forsyth Research Subject & Patient Safety Advocate at The Forsyth Institute. She is adjunct faculty at Regis College, Dental Hygiene Program where she teaches a senior level course.  Evidence-Based Decision Making. Ms. Eklund serves as faculty for the New England AIDS Education and Training Centers and HIVdent.org.  Ms. Eklund is the 2017-2019 Chair of the Organization for Safety Asepsis and Prevention (OSAP) Board of Directors and a consultant the American Dental Association (ADA) Council on Dental Practice.   Over the past 35 years, Ms. Eklund has published papers and contributed to several texts on infection control and safety. She is an author of the CDC Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Health-Care Settings- 2003.  Ms. Eklund has lectured nationally and internationally on these topics.


    Eve Cuny, MS

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

    Kathy Eklund, RDH, MHP 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

  • Includes Credits

    To register for this FREE webinar, please select "subscribe" to register. 

    CE: 0

    Description:In this course we will learn the basics of teledentistry. We also will evaluate the current COVID-19 crisis and how teledentistry tools can be used to both treat patients and mitigate risk of exposure to the dental team.

    • Explain the basics of teledentistry terminology and regulations.
    • Identify two practical uses of teledentistry in response to COVID-19.
    • Evaluate possible workflow considerations to incorporate teledentistry into my practice.

    Nathan Suter, D.D.S.

    Nathan Suter, D.D.S., is a private practice owner and the board chair of the Missouri Coalition for Oral Health. He is a clinical advisor for Mouthwatch LLC and serves on the Enable Dental Group board of directors. Most recently he was recognized as a recipient of the 2020 ADA 10 under 10 Award and spends most of his quarantine time as a consultant teaching dentists about teledentistry, through Access Teledentistry, which he formed in 2018. 

    Nathan Suter, D.D.S. 

    In accordance with this policy, I declare I have a past or present proprietary or relevant financial relationship or receive gifts in kind (including soft intangible remuneration), consulting position or affiliation, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, as indicated: Missouri Dept. Of Health (Grants/Research Support); Access Teledentistry, Mouthwatch, LLC 


  • Includes Credits

    To register for this FREE webinar, please select "subscribe" to register. 

    CE: 1.0 

    Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on our health care system. The CDC, the ADA, the AAE and other professional organizations have developed specific recommendations for health care delivery.  Here, we will discuss the etiology, diagnosis, management and altered methods for treating dental patients during this period.  We will also discuss mitigating the risk of health care providers contracting COVID-19.  The presentation will end with an extensive Q&A session.

    • Discuss the criteria for recognizing a patient with COVID-19 infection.
    • Discuss altered treatment considerations during the pandemic.
    • Discuss protocols to mitigate possible risk of exposure to health care providers

    Kenneth Hargreaves, D.D.S., Ph.D.

    Ken Hargreaves received his DDS from Georgetown University, his PhD in physiology from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, MD, and his certificate in Endodontics from the University of Minnesota. Ken spent 5 years at the Pain Clinic of the NIDCR and 7 years as an associate professor of Endodontics and Pharmacology at the University of Minnesota. He joined the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio in 1997, as professor and Chair of the Department of Endodontics and is cross-appointed as professor in the Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology and Surgery in the Medical School. He maintains a private practice limited to endodontics and is a Diplomate of the American Board of Endodontists. Ken has received an NIH MERIT Award for research, two IADR Distinguished Scientist Awards, the ADA Gold Medal for Research and the Louis I. Grossman Award from the AAE. He has published more than 190 articles and, with Harold Goodis and Frank Tay, co-edited the 2nd edition Seltzer and Bender’s Dental Pulp, and, with Lou Berman, co-edited the 11th edition of Cohen’s Pathways of the Pulp. Ken also serves as editor of the Journal of Endodontics.

    Speaker Disclosure: 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation

    Jason Bowling, M.D.

    Dr. Jason Bowling is an Associate Professor of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases at UT Health San Antonio.  He received his M.D. degree from Texas A&M College of Medicine and completed a residency in Internal Medicine and a fellowship in Infectious Diseases at UT Health San Antonio.

    In addition to seeing patients, his areas of focus include hospital epidemiology, infection prevention, antimicrobial stewardship, and medical education.  He is the hospital epidemiologist and medical director for Infection Prevention and the co-director for the Antimicrobial Stewardship team at University Health System.  He has provided presentations as an invited speaker at local, state, and national conferences and has multiple publications on a variety of infectious diseases and antimicrobial topics.

    Eve Cuny, M.S.

    Eve Cuny is the Executive Associate Dean and Professor of Diagnostic Sciences at University of the Pacific, Dugoni School of Dentistry in San Francisco, California where she is also Assistant Dean for Global Relations. Ms. Cuny is a member of the National Occupational Research Agenda Council, and has served as a reviewer and subject matter expert for CDC.  She has worked in the area of dental infection prevention and patient safety for the past 30 years.  Ms. Cuny is a member of the board of directors of the Organization for Safety, Asepsis and Prevention (OSAP).

    Jason Bowling, M.D. 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

    Eve Cuny, M.S.

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.

    Kenneth Hargreaves, D.D.S., Ph.D. 

    I declare that I have no proprietary, financial, or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service, course, and/or company, or in any firm beneficially associated therewith, that will be discussed or considered during the proposed presentation.